EN/ Ali's talk addresses modern slavery and the stalemate between well–intentioned policymaking in intergovernmental organizations and the on–ground realities in emerging economies. Focusing on ineffective efforts to eliminate child labour the talk takes us through the resistance from actors in emerging economies and highlights why a bottom–up understanding of the subject matter is essential to solving the problem. He indicates that it is not a structural problem but a cultural one, directing our attention to promoting solutions that can champion an end to this societal disease whilst maintaining respect for cultural practices across the world.FR/ La conférence de Ali aborde l'esclavage moderne et l'impasse à laquelle se heurtent les politiques bien intentionnées des organisations intergouvernementales face aux réalités du terrain dans les économies émergentes. Il met l’accent sur l’inefficacité des efforts visant à éliminer le travail des enfants et expose les résistances rencontrées auprès des acteurs dans les pays concernés. Cette démarche souligne l’importance cruciale d'une approche ascendante (« bottom-up ») pour résoudre le problème. L’analyse d’Ali suggère que le problème n’est pas structurel, mais culturel. Ce constat doit nous orienter vers des solutions capables de mettre fin à ce fléau sociétal tout en respectant les différentes pratiques culturelles à travers le monde. Ali Arsalan Pasha is an academic and policy advisor, working on geopolitics and international trade. He engages with the Canadian and UK governments in Track 2 diplomacy, to advocate and improve our positions regarding human rights and global cooperation. He is the Oxford Said–HEC Montreal scholar at HEC Montreal, Secretary of the Oxford University Society of Ottawa and Board member at the Canada–Pakistan Chamber of Trade, helping bridge Pakistan, England and Canada towards progress and growth. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx