Nascite sospese nel tempo: la natalità in un mondo che cambia. | Alessandra Andrisani | TEDxPadova
Dal 2009 al 2021 nel nostro paese vi è stato un calo delle nascite pari al 30%, tale fenomeno prende il nome di denatalità. La denatalità è conseguenza di ostacoli economici, sociali e culturali: un fattore critico è la difficoltà per le donne di conciliare maternità e carriera, che troppo spesso le porta a rimandare o addirittura a rinunciare alla maternità.
Un altro fattore significativo nella crisi della natalità in Italia è il progressivo posticipo dell’età in cui le coppie decidono di sposarsi e di avere il primo figlio. Questo ritardo, porta con sé delle conseguenze biologiche non trascurabili: il rischio di infertilità aumenta infatti con l’avanzare dell’età, soprattutto per le donne dopo i 35 anni. Le conseguenze della denatalità sono drammatiche: invecchiamento della popolazione, con un crescente sbilanciamento tra giovani e anziani, che inevitabilmente ha ripercussioni anche sulle dinamiche intergenerazionali e sulla cultura sociale. Economicamente, una popolazione che invecchia porta con sé sfide significative: la forza lavoro si riduce limitando la crescita economica, con conseguenze si estendono anche al settore sanitario e dei servizi sociali. In questo panorama, è fondamentale intervenire promuovendo la conoscenza e la consapevolezza su temi quali la fertilità e la natalità. Ma è anche fondamentale offrire degli strumenti di intervento. La crioconservazione degli ovociti a scopo precauzionale (anche chiamata “social freezing”) è una pratica medica che
permette di preservare la fertilità in donne che per motivi personali e/o lavorativi decidono di ricercare una gravidanza più avanti nel tempo, quando potrebbero subentrare delle difficoltà nel concepimento naturale per riduzione della fertilità. Numerosi studi scientifici hanno accertato l’assoluta sicurezza della procedura e dei risultati, anche a distanza di tempo. Il social freezing non è una garanzia di successo riproduttivo, ma in un tempo segnato dalla denatalità, è in grado di fornire più tempo per scegliere e più libertà per costruire il futuro. Alessandra Andrisani è Professore Associato di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia all’Università degli Studi di Padova. E’ Presidente del Corso di laurea in Ostetricia. Ha un Dottorato europeo in Biotecnologie in
Ginecologia ed Ostetricia. Coordina un Master di II livello in Scienze della Riproduzione umana e tecniche di Procreazione Medicalmente Assistita. Dirige l’Unità Dipartimentale di procreazione Medicalmente Assistita dell’Azienda ospedale - Università di Padova, identificata come Centro di riferimento regionale per la preservazione della fertilità.
Da anni promuove, attraverso la ricerca e la formazione universitaria e sul territorio, la “tutela della salute riproduttiva”. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx
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