Esiste vita nello spazio? Lo studio della nascita della vita sulla Terra e la ricerca di forme
di vita extraterrestre esercitano da sempre un grande fascino e rappresentano un
importante campo di indagine scientifica. Oggi si pensa che l’origine della vita sulla Terra
sia strettamente legata alla formazione di molecole organiche nello spazio. È possibile,
quindi, che le condizioni favorevoli alla nascita della vita siano apparse, non solo sulla
Terra, ma anche su altri corpi del sistema solare o in pianeti extrasolari. Cercare segni di
vita oltre i confini terrestri è un obiettivo importante dell’esplorazione spaziale che richiede
conoscenze e competenze appartenenti a vari ambiti culturali, quali la biologia, la chimica,
l’astrofisica e la geologia. Marte è un pianeta che ha avuto inizialmente una storia simile
alla nostra e che quindi potrebbe aver ospitato la vita. Ma quali sono le tecniche utilizzate dagli astrobiologi per cercare segni di vita su Marte con l’ambizioso obiettivo di riportare a
terra frammenti del pianeta rosso? John Robert Brucato è Dirigente di Ricerca presso l’INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri e docente di Astrobiologia presso il Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università di Firenze.
Responsabile del Laboratorio di Astrobiologia dell’INAF. Vice Direttore
dell’European Astrobiology Institute, membro del Consiglio Direttivo del EANA – European Astrobiology Network Association e membro del Consiglio Scientifico della Società Italiana di Astrobiologia. Esperto di
astrobiologia e della ricerca di segni di vita nel Sistema Solare, dello studio di materiale extraterrestre e dello studio delle interazioni chimico-fisiche di superfici minerali con biomolecole in condizioni spaziali simulate. È membro delle missioni NASA OSIRIS-REx per la raccolta e il rientro a Terra di campioni
primitivi dell’asteroide 1999 RQ36 Bennu, della missione ExoMars dell’ESA e della missione Mars2020 – Perseverance della NASA. E’ autore 200 paper su riviste scientifiche internazionali con peer review. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx
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